Instrumentation, Detection & Analysis
Nanoscale Engineering
Physical chemist Carol Mertz mixes a polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating for synthesized polymer nanospheres as polymer chemist Martha Finck examines a different PEG formulation. The coated nanospheres can be injected into humans following exposure to chemical, biological, or radiological toxins. The nanospheres selectively pick up these toxins and then are drawn out through a magnetic filtration system outside the body.
Nanoscale Engineering Overview
Researchers in Nanoscale Engineering seek to bridge the gap between fundamental discoveries in nanotechnology and practical problems in energy and national security.
We are currently focused on the applications of superparamagnetic nanoparticles for advanced drug targeting, chemical separations, and radiological separations. In addition, we are employing nanotechnology-inspired adsorbents to improve our ability to clean up radioactivity in the environment.
Nanospheres for Human Detoxification
Argonne scientists are developing technology that uses magnetic nanospheres for human detoxification of blood-borne toxins (radiological, biological, and chemical). Originally developed for in-field use by military personnel, the work also will have application in the early diagnosis and treatment of certain medical conditions.
For more details, view the fact sheet.
Intravenously injected into victims of radiological, chemical or biological attack, biodegradable nanospheres circulate through the bloodstream, where surface proteins bind to the targeted toxins. They are removed from the bloodstream by a small dual-channel shunt, inserted into an arm or leg artery, that circulates the blood through an external magnetic separator. Strong magnets in the shunt immobilize the iron-based particles, and clean blood flows back into the bloodstream. (Image courtesy of the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute). Click on image to view larger size image.
Using this spray-on, super-absorbent gel and engineered nanoparticles, Argonne researchers are designing a system to safely capture and dispose of radioactive elements in porous structures outdoors, such as buildings and monuments.
Super-absorbent Gel for Radioactive Decontamination
Argonne researchers are completing development of a system to quickly and nondestructively decontaminate structures such as buildings and monuments using a spray-on, super-absorbent gel and engineered microparticles. The technology will help the nation be more prepared in the event of a terrorist attack with a “dirty bomb” or other radioactive dispersal device.
For more details, view the fact sheet.
Using this spray-on, super-absorbent gel and engineered nanoparticles, Argonne researchers are designing a system to safely capture and dispose of radioactive elements in porous structures outdoors, such as buildings and monuments.
Advanced Radionuclide Sensor
Full radioactive detection requires bulky equipment not suitable for in-field deployment. Argonne is collaborating with Sandia National Laboratory to develop a hand-held, ultra-sensitive sensor for radionuclide detection.
This device uses microfluidic technology and selective magnetic particles for micro-separations and fluorescent detection.
Worker-Friendly Scale Removal/Decontamination of Metal Substrates.
Worker-Friendly Scale Removal/Decontamination of Metal Substrates
Argonne researchers are developing a worker-friendly organic acid that rapidly destroys surface scale and removes contamination. The low-vapor pressure solvent does not use nitric acid or hydrofluoric acid, and is harmless to virgin metal. This substance can be designed as sprayable water, foam, or gel.
Advanced Water Purification
Argonne researchers are developing a system of magnetic particles and selective “getters” that can be used to reduce contamination in water to ultra-pure levels. This includes water tainted by heavy metals, biological, radionuclide contaminations.
This system is compatible with in-tank processing. Selective magnetic particles are fed to the tank and mixed. The magnetic particles are then removed by magnetic filtration or in-tank magnetic harvesting. The high separation efficiency allows magnetic particles to be recycled for ultra-low overall waste volume.
Related Information:
- Nanospheres for Human Detoxification [462KB]
- Super-absorbent Gel for Radioactive Decontamination [230KB]
For more information:
Nuclear Forensics
Michael Kaminski